Ethiopia Menelik II NGC Certified 1/32 Birr EE 1889 MS65 NICE RED TOCH-TOKAR!

Description

Menelik II
Menelik II (Ge'ez: ዳግማዊ ምኒልክ dagmawi mənilək[nb 1]; horse name Abba Dagnew Amharic: አባ ዳኘው abba daññäw; 17 August 1844 – 12 December 1913), baptised as Sahle Maryam (ሣህለ ማርያም sahlä maryam) was Emperor of Ethiopia[nb 2] from 1889 to his death in 1913 and King of Shewa from 1866 to 1889. At the height of his internal power and external prestige, the process of territorial expansion and creation of the modern empire-state was completed by 1898.[2] He is widely honored by many Ethiopians and commemorated during the celebration of the Battle of Adwa, which is celebrated on 1 or 2 March across Ethiopia and in the diaspora.[3][4] Many Pan-Africans regard him as an advocate for African independence against European powers during the Scramble for Africa.[5]
The Ethiopian Empire was transformed under Emperor Menelik: the major signposts of modernisation with the help of key ministerial advisors, such as Gäbre-Heywät Baykädañ, were put in place.[6] Externally, Menelik led Ethiopian troops against Italian invaders in the First Italo-Ethiopian War; following a decisive victory at the Battle of Adwa, recognition of Ethiopia's independence by external powers was expressed in terms of diplomatic representation at his court and delineation of Ethiopia's boundaries with the adjacent colonies.[2] Menelik expanded his realm to the south and east, into Oromo, Kaffa, Sidama, Wolayta and other kingdoms or republics.[7][8] He is widely called "Emiye Menelik"[nb 3] in Ethiopia.
Later in his reign, Menelik established the first Cabinet of Ministers to help in the administration of the Empire, appointing trusted and widely respected nobles and retainers to the first Ministries.[citation needed] These ministers would remain in place long after his death, serving in their posts through the brief reign of Lij Iyasu (whom they helped depose) and into the reign of Empress Zewditu.